Materi Pelajaran

 

STRATEGI DAN TRIK JITU MENJAWAB SOAL UJIAN SEKOLAH

Sumber: https://edukasi.kompas.com/read/2020/01/06/07430561/jangan-lupa-maret-april-2020-un-bagi-siswa-kelas-3-smp-sma-dan-smk 

Sebelum mempelajari strategi menjawab soal Ujian Sekolah (US), perlu diketahui bahwa jenis soal yang ada dalam US adalah:

Ø Menjawab soal berdasarkan teks singkat (Short Functional Text)

Ø Menjawab soal berdasarkan teks panjang (Long Functional Text)

Ø Mengurutkan kata-kata acak menjadi kalimat yang benar.

Ø Mengurutkan kalimat-kalimat acak menjadi paragraf yang benar.

                                                                  

    Short Functional Text

    Announcement       

Advertisement

Letter

Notice

Greeting Card                                                              

Long Functional Text                                                           

    Descriptive

Procedure

Report

Recount

Narrative

Common Trick (Trik Umum):

ü  Pahamilah soal dengan baik

ü  Jika soalnya adalah menjawab berdasarkan teks maka temukan inti atau kata kunci yang ditanyakan kemudian carilah kata tersebut dalam teks. Jika, kata tersebut berkaitan dengan maksud soal maka itulah jawabannya.

ü  Jika soalnya adalah menjawab berdasarkan teks, jangan membaca teks terlebih dahulu sebelum mulai membaca soal.

Yuk simak uraian lebih rinci sesuai dengan jenis soal di bawah ini!

A.      CONTOH SOAL DARI SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXT

1.    Announcement (Pengumuman)

Scout Association of SMP Islam Al-Ikhlashiyah To: All members   In order to celebrate our Independence Day, we are going to go camping at Abangan from 14th to 16th of August 2021. The contribution is Rp. 50.000. Those who want to join the activity please contact Mr. Gunawan. Registration will be opened starting from 5th August 2021. For further information, please contact the committee.                                                                                                                                Nurmala.                                                                                         Chair person

Pertanyaan: The camping will start on...

A.       5^th of August 2021

B.        14^th of August 2021

C.        15^th of August 2021

D.       16^th of August 2021

2.    Advertisement (Iklan)

Sumber: soal latihan Ujian Nasional tahun 2013

 

Pertanyaan: What is offered in the advertisement?

A.       Notebook

B.        Mobile phone

C.        Personal computer

D.       Digital camera

 3.    Letter (Surat)

Jl. Jenderal Sudirman Unit 2735 Kelapa Gading Jakarta 13570 March 10th, 2021 Dear Zakiah Nurmala, Please let me express my deepest sympathies to you and the children. I was shocked and shattered when I heard about Sabari's horrific accident. I can't even imagine what you have been going through for the past ten days. As you know, Sabari and I have been colleagues and friends for the past eight years. His tragic loss leaves a terrible void in our office. He was so well-liked and respected by everyone who came into contact with him, both colleagues and clients alike. He had tremendous people skills, and as such, was a role model in our company and the industry at large. I trust that, when they are older, the children will be made aware of what an outstanding person Sabari was in his professional life. Zakiah, please feel free to contact me if I can help in any way while you go through this very difficult period. I will support you in any way that I can should you reach out to me. Also, please tell the children how terribly devastated all of us are here at the company due to their Father's tragic passing.   Sincere sympathy, Mustahaq Davidson

 Pertanyaan: What’s the relationship between Mustahaq Davidson and Sabari?

A.       They were clients.

B.        They were colleagues.

C.        They were schoolmates.

D.       They were neighbors.

 

4.    Notice (Peringatan)

Sumber: https://www.englishcafe.co.id/definisi-dan-contoh-text-peringatan-singkat-notice-warning-dan-caution-dalam-bahasa-inggris/

Pertanyaan: What does the sign mean?

A.       Don’t touch the material

B.        Put our hands on the material

C.        Touch the material with our hands

D.       Don’t keep the material and the equipment

 5.    Greeting Card (Kartu Ucapan)

Congratulation! For having the first champion in this year’s Scrabble Tournament. Your strategy worked well for you. Enjoy your new-found fame and the prizes Cheers!

Pertanyaan: The text was written to…

A.       Greet someone in his success

B.        Praise someone in enjoying a fame and prizes

C.        Appreciate someone in applying good strategies

D.       Congratulate someone in winning Scrabble Tournament

B.     CONTOH SOAL DARI LONG FUNCTIONAL TEXT

1.    Main Idea Questions (Pertanyaan mengenai gagasan utama)

Contoh Pertanyaan (Soal)	·  What is the main idea of....? ·  The text mainly talks about... ·  The text above is intended to… ·  The text is about... ·  What is the topic of the text? ·  What is the main idea of paragraph...?
Cara Menemukan Jawaban	Baca kalimat pertama pada tiap-tiap paragraf dan kalimat pertama dan terakhir pada paragraf terakhir.
Cara menjawab	Temukan kata yang sering disebut secara berulang dalam teks, itulah jawabannya dan main idea biasanya dikemas dalam sebuah kalimat.

Contoh Teks:

 Whales are sea-living mammals. They therefore breathe air but cannot survive on land. Some species are very large indeed and blue whale, which can exceed 30 cm in length, is the largest animal to have lived on earth. Superficially, the whale looks rather like a fish, but there are important differences in its external structure: its tail consists of a pair of broad, flat, horizontal paddles (the tail of a fish is vertical) and it has a single nostril on top of its large, broad head. The skin is smooth and shiny and beneath it lies a layer of fat (blubber). This is up to 30 cm in thickness and serves to conserve heat and body fluids.

Pertanyaan: What is the main idea of the text?

A. Whale looks rather like a fish.                                   C. Blue whale is a large animal.

B. Whale cannot survive on land.                                  D. Whales are sea living mammals.

2.    Vocabulary Questions (Pertanyaan mengenai kosakata)

Contoh Pertanyaan (Soal)	·   The underlined word means... ·   The word in line...is closest in meaning to... ·   The word in line...can be replaced with.. ·   Penyesuaian kata dalam paragraf
Cara Menemukan Jawaban	Temukan kata yang ditanyakan dalam teks.
Cara menjawab	Setelah menemukan kata dalam teks, lihat konteksnya dan sesuaikanlah dengan alternatif jawaban. Selain itu, perkayalah kosakata anda.

Contoh Teks:

Your body needs energy, protein, minerals, vitamins, and fibre. In order to get all of these, it is important to have a varied and balanced diet, and to eat the right amount of food. Your body "burns" food to energy: the amount of energy provided by food is measured in units called calories. How many calories do you need? This depends on your weight and on what you do. When you are sleep, your body uses nearly one calorie an hour for every kilogram of weight. So a person who weighs seventy kilos uses about 560 calories while sleeping for eight hours. More calories are needed for different activities from 100 calories an hour for reading or watching TV, to 350 calories an hour for playing football. To calculate the number of calories needed per day for an everage person, first find out the person's ideal weight. Then multiply the weight by 40 for a woman or 46 for a man. A 60 - kilo woman may need about 2400 calories a day - more if she does heavy physical work and less if she is very inactive.

Pertanyaan: “... more if she does heavy physical work and less if she is very inactive.”

The underlined word means ...

A.       Very active                                                           C. Rather active

B.        Quite active                                                           D. Not active

3.    Finding Unstated Information (Menemukan Informasi Tersirat)

Contoh Pertanyaan (Soal)	·  The following statements are true, except... ·  Which statement is not about...? ·  Which of the following is not mentioned in...? ·  What is…?
Cara Menemukan Jawaban	Lihatlah subjek atau kata yang ditanyakan dalam teks. Jawabannya biasa berurutan dengan kata yang ditanyakan akan tetapi ia tidak disebutkan melainkan kita yang harus memahami maksud dari rincian tersebut.
Cara menjawab	Setelah menemukan kata inti yang ditanyakan. Lihatlah rincian mengenai subjek yang dipertanyakan dengan menyesuaikannya dengan pertanyaan. Lalu, simpulkanlah maksud dari rincian tersebut

Contoh Teks:

My father died of cancer five years ago when I was 3 years old. He left my mother and me, their only boy. Last year my mother married Mr. Daud. He was a widower and he had got two children, Andi and Siska. Mr. Daud now becomes my step father. Andi and Siska become my step brother and step sister. Both of them are older than me. We live happily in my step father's house. Now, we are waiting for the birth of my mother's baby.

Pertanyaan: What is the relationship between the writer, Andi and Siska?

A.       Andi and Siska are the writer’s cousins.

B.        The writer is Andi and Siska’s step brother.

C.        Andi and Siska are the writer’s brother and sister.

D.       The writer is Andi and Siska’s children.

4.    Ordering The Sentence or Paragraph (Mengurutkan kalimat atau paragraph)

Contoh Pertanyaan (Soal)	·   The best order of paragraph is.... ·   Arrange the word into good sentence ·   Arrange the sentences into good paragraph
Cara Menemukan Jawaban	Kata atau kalimat yang akan diurutkan telah tertulis.
Cara menjawab	Pahami maksud dari tiap-tiap kata atau kalimat. kemudian urutkanlah sesuai dengan urutan paragraf yang baik yaitu kalimat pengenalan, kalimat inti atau isi daripada paragraf dan kalimat penutup.

Contoh Soal Mengurutkan Kata menjadi Kalimat     : Arrange the words to make a meaningful sentence!

News – delivers – it – a lot of – and – the readers – to – information.

1                 2           3        4            5          6               7           8

A.       3 – 2 – 1 – 5 – 4 – 8 – 7 – 6

B.        3 – 2 – 4 – 1 – 5 – 8 – 7 – 6

C.        3 – 2 – 6 – 7 – 4 – 8 – 5 – 1

D.       3 – 2 – 4 – 7 – 6 – 1 – 5 – 8

Contoh Soal Mengurutkan Kalimat menjadi Paragraph        : Arrange the sentences below to make a good paragraph!

1. It makes Indonesia rich in custom houses.

2. Indonesia has many ethnic groups.

3. Every province has its own custom houses.

4. There are so many custom houses.

5. West Kalimantan has Bentang.

6. For example, Central Java has Joglo.

7. Central Sulawesi has Toraja and there are still many others.

A.  2 – 4 – 3 – 1 – 6 – 5 – 7

B.  2 – 4 – 6 – 5 – 7 – 3 – 7

C.  2 – 4 – 6 – 3 – 5 – 1 – 7

D.  2 – 4 – 7 – 5 – 6 – 3 – 7

5.    Pronoun Reference (Rujukan Kata Ganti Kata Benda)

Contoh Pertanyaan (Soal)	·   The word....in line...refers to... ·   What is the word....in line....refers to? ·   The pronoun...in line...refers to...
Cara Menemukan Jawaban	Lihatlah kata ganti dan letaknya sesuai dengan pertanyaan.
Cara menjawab	Setelah menemukan kata ganti yang ditanyakan, lihatlah urutan kalimat sebelumnya. Perhatikan kata ganti yang terdapat disana. Sesuaikan dengan kata ganti yang ditanyakan maka itulah jawabannya.

Contoh Soal:

My father died of cancer five years ago when I was 3 years old. He left my mother and me, their only boy. Last year my mother married Mr. Daud. He was a widower and he had got two children, Andi and Siska. Mr. Daud now becomes my step father. Andi and Siska become my step brother and step sister. Both of them are older than me. We live happily in my step father's house. Now, we are waiting for the birth of my mother's baby.

Pertanyaan: He was a widower ...” (line 2). What does “he” in the sentence refer to?

A.       The writer’s father                                     c. The writer

B.        The only boy.                                            d.  Mr. Daud

6.    Implied Detailed Questions (Pertanyaan yang menyimpulkan)

Contoh Pertanyaan (Soal)	·  From the text we can say that.... ·  What is the purpose of the text? ·  Where can you find the...? ·  From the text we can conclude that... ·  It can be inferred from the text that...
Cara Menemukan Jawaban	Jawaban terletak dalam urutan paragraf.
Cara menjawab	Temukan kata kunci yang ditanyakan. Simpulkan maksud dari rincian tersebut dan sesuaikanlah dengan alternatif jawaban yang tersedia.

Contoh Soal:

My father died of cancer five years ago when I was 3 years old. He left my mother and me, their only boy. Last year my mother married Mr. Daud. He was a widower and he had got two children, Andi and Siska. Mr. Daud now becomes my step father. Andi and Siska become my step brother and step sister. Both of them are older than me. We live happily in my step father's house. Now, we are waiting for the birth of my mother's baby.

Pertanyaan: From the text we know that the writer…

A.       Has no sibling                                                       C. Has two siblings

B.        Has one siblings                                                    D. Will have three siblings soon

Note: Materi ini diambil dari berbagai sumber untuk keperluan atau bahan pelajaran siswa di rumah pada masa pandemi covid-19